It’s no secret I have a man-crush on Al Pacino. He is quite possibly one of my all time favorite actors. I was first introduced to his work through a film called Frankie and Johnny and thereafter I was hooked. In Scent of a Woman a rather poignant section of dialog occurs towards the end of the film when Pacino’s character chastises the moral certitude of a prestigious school, he opens with:
“As I came in here, I heard those words, ‘cradle of leadership.’ Well, when the bough breaks, the cradle will fall. And it has fallen here; it has fallen. Makers of men; creators of leaders; be careful what kind of leaders you’re producin’ here.”
Be careful while kind of leaders you’re producing indeed. As we wind down eight years of the Bush administration I began going through notes and clippings that I had made and I came across this gem.
In 1946 during the Easter break of the Nuremberg trials German psychologist Gustave Gilbert was allowed to interview and record conversations with Nazi leader Hermann Goering. When the conversation turned to leading a nation into war Goering had the following to say:
Goering: Why, of course, the people don’t want war. Why would some
poor slob on a farm want to risk his life in a war when the best that
he can get out of it is to come back to his farm in one piece. Naturally, the common people don’t want war; neither in Russia, nor in England, nor in America, nor for that matter in Germany. That is understood. But, after all, it is the leaders of the country who determine the policy and it is always a simple matter to drag the people along, whether it is a democracy, or a fascist dictatorship, or a parliament, or a communist dictatorship.
Gilbert: There is one difference. In a democracy the people have some say in the matter through their elected representatives, and in the United States only Congress can declare wars.
Goering: Voice or no voice, the people can always be brought to the bidding of the leaders. That is easy. All you have to do is tell them they are being attacked, and denounce the pacifists for lack of patriotism and exposing the country to danger. It works the same in any country.
I end with Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States and principal author of the Declaration of Independence.
“I love peace, and am anxious that we should give the world still another useful lesson, by showing to them other modes of punishing injuries than by war, which is as much a punishment to the punisher as to the sufferer.”